EMES: Efficient Multi-Encoding Schemes for HEVC-based Adaptive Bitrate Streaming

In HTTP Adaptive Streaming (HAS), videos are encoded at multiple bitrates and spatial resolutions ( i.e. , representations ) to adapt the heterogeneity of network conditions, device attributes, end-user preferences. Encoding same video segment increases costs for content providers. State-of-the-art multi-encoding schemes improve encoding process by utilizing encoder analysis information from already representation(s) reduce time remaining representations. These typically use highest bitrate representation as reference accelerate Nowadays, most streaming services utilize cloud-based techniques, enabling a fully parallel overall time. The has than other Thus, it is unfavorable in setup bound its This paper provides comprehensive study various multi-rate both serial scenarios. Furthermore, introduces novel heuristics limit Rate Distortion Optimization (RDO) across Based on these heuristics, three proposed, which rely sharing different representations: (i) optimized compression efficiency (ii) best efficiency-encoding savings trade-off (iii) . Experimental results demonstrate that proposed 34.71%, 45.27%, 68.76% with 2.3%, 3.1%, 4.5% increase maintain VMAF, respectively compared stand-alone encodings. reduced 22.03%, 20.72%, 76.82% encodings respectively.